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Non-personal forms of a verb. Gerund - Part II

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Types of Gerunds

1.- Gerundio circunstancial propio: indicates simultaneity or anteriority with respect to the main verb or the subordinate verb.

1.A. - Modal
Los españoles e italianos hablan haciendo gestos y usando lenguaje corporal.
Spaniards and Italians talk making gestures and using body language.

1.B. - Temporary
Gobernando el partido de izquierdas, había más políticas sociales. (Cuando gobernaba)
When the left party was ruling, there was more social politics.

1.C. - Causal
No teniendo más que decir, se fueron. (Puesto que no tenían)
Since they didn't have anything else to say, they left.

1.D. - Conditional
Caminando más rápido, llegaremos antes. (Si caminamos más rápido)
If we walk faster, we'll get there quickly.

1.E. – Concessive
Aún pidiéndole que cambiara de canal, no lo hizo. (Aunque le pedí que)
Even though I asked him to change the channel, he didn't do it.

2.- Gerundio de dirección o ubicación relativa: used to give directions and locate objects, places or people.

Mi casa es la primera en la segunda calle girando a la derecha.
My house is the first one when you make a right on the second street.

Encontrarás la oficina en el siguiente pasillo doblando a la izquierda.
You'll find the office making a left on the next corridor.

3.- Gerundio descriptor de imagen: indicates simultaneity when describing a situation.

En la foto salía Jorge saludando a la cámara.
In the picture there was Jorge waving to the camera.

En Barcelona hay una estatua de Cristóbal Colón apuntando hacia América.
In Barcelona there's a statue of Christopher Columbus pointing to America.

4.- Gerundio elíptico: the result of an ellipsis (the omission of words from speech or writing.)

4.A. - Modal
- Hola, ¿qué haces?
- Aquí, descansando un poco.
- Hi, what are you up to?
- Here, resting for a bit.


4.B. - Exclamative
¡Tú haciendo tales locuras!
I can't believe you're doing such things!

4.C. - Obligatory
Mi lugar está aquí, viviendo en el campo y no en la ciudad.
My place is here, living in the country and not in the city.

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